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Home Theater Subwoofers Audio Bbs home theater subwoofers Information
Club Drugs: Ecstasy
In developing prevention efforts that target young
people, prevention managers must design strategies to counter the increasing use
and widespread availability of the club drug Ecstasy. Known as "the party drug,"
Ecstasy is both a stimulant and a hallucinogen, and its effects are potentially
life-threatening.
Because it is inexpensive and easily accessible, Ecstasy
is gaining in popularity. As reported in the Monitoring the Future Study
(National Institute on Drug Abuse [NIDA] 1999), 3.6 percent of 12th graders, 3.3
percent of 10th graders, and 1.8 percent of 8th graders said they had used the
drug in 1998. From 1991 through 1998, use by college students increased from 0.9
percent to 2.4 percent and by adults, from 0.8 percent to 2.1 percent (NIDA,
Facts About MDMA, 2000).
What Is Ecstasy?
Ecstasy is the street name for
methylene-dioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a chemical substance that combines
methamphetamines with hallucinogenic properties. It is also known as X-TC, Adam,
Clarity, and Lover's Speed.
Like all club drugs, Ecstasy is a combination of
other illicit drugs. Because many different recipes are used to make Ecstasy,
the risk of death and permanent brain damage are heightened when some substances
are combined. It is available in tablet, capsule, or powder form; some
manufacturers of the drug package it in capsules or generic tablets to imitate
prescription drugs. The average cost is between $7 and $30 per pill.
Among
the variations of the drug is a new substance, Herbal Ecstasy, that is composed
of ephedrine (ma huang) or pseudoephedrine and caffeine from the kola nut. Sold
in tablet form, this drug may cause permanent brain damage and death (NIDA, Club
Drugs: Just the Facts, 2000).
What Side Effects Are Produced by Ecstasy?
Ecstasy's effects can last up to 24 hours. The drug produces immediate side
effects, and some—such as confusion, depression, sleep problems, anxiety, and
paranoia—can occur weeks after it is taken (NIDA, Community Drug Alert Bulletin
on Club Drugs, 2000).
Because Ecstasy alters serotonin levels in the brain,
researchers have found that chronic use can lead to long-term or permanent
damage to those parts of the brain critical to thought, memory, and pleasure
(NIDA, Facts About MDMA, 2000).
Psychological Effects
Psychological
effects are confusion, depression, sleep problems, severe anxiety and paranoia,
euphoria, enhanced mental and emotional clarity, hallucinations, sensations of
lightness and floating, depression, paranoid thinking, and violent, irrational
behavior.
Physical Effects
Physical effects are muscle tension,
involuntary teeth clenching, nausea, blurred vision, faintness, chills/sweating,
dehydration, hypertension, loss of control over voluntary body movements,
tremors, reduced appetite, kidney failure, heart attack, stroke, seizure, and
malignant hyperthermia (increase in body temperature).
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